更新

WindowsFormsApp6/Form1.Designer.cs

@@ -13,9 +13,17 @@
         /// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
         protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
         {
-            if (disposing && (components != null))
+            if (disposing)
             {
-                components.Dispose();
+                if (components != null)
+                {
+                    components.Dispose();
+                }
+                
+                // 释放自定义资源
+                dataTimer?.Dispose();
+                clockTimer?.Dispose();
+                sampleDataTable?.Dispose();
             }
             base.Dispose(disposing);
         }

WindowsFormsApp6/Form2.Designer.cs

@@ -13,9 +13,17 @@
         /// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
         protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
         {
-            if (disposing && (components != null))
+            if (disposing)
             {
-                components.Dispose();
+                if (components != null)
+                {
+                    components.Dispose();
+                }
+                
+                // 释放自定义资源
+                dataTimer?.Dispose();
+                clockTimer?.Dispose();
+                sampleDataTable?.Dispose();
             }
             base.Dispose(disposing);
         }

WindowsFormsApp6/Form2.cs

@@ -21,9 +21,26 @@ namespace WindowsFormsApp6
 {
     public partial class Form2 : Form
     {
+        #region 常量定义
+        private const int TIMER_INTERVAL = 1000;
+        private const double MIN_WEIGHT = 10.0;
+        private const double MAX_WEIGHT = 20.0;
+        private const string DATE_TIME_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
+        private const string ROW_INITIAL_WEIGHT = "初始重量(g)";
+        private const string ROW_AFTER_WEIGHT = "浸润后重量(g)";
+        private const string ROW_ABSORPTION = "液体吸收量(%)";
+        private const string ROW_AVG_ABSORPTION = "液体吸收量平均值(%)";
+        private const string ROW_MAX_ABSORPTION = "液体吸收量最大值(%)";
+        #endregion
+
+        #region 字段
         private System.Windows.Forms.Timer dataTimer;
+        private System.Windows.Forms.Timer clockTimer;
         private DataTable sampleDataTable;
         private int sampleCount = 0;
+        private int currentSampleCount = 5; // 当前试样数量，可动态调整
+        private readonly Random random = new Random();
+        #endregion
 
         public Form2()
         {
@@ -39,136 +56,71 @@ namespace WindowsFormsApp6
         /// </summary>
         private void InitializeDataGridView()
         {
-            // 清除现有列
-            dataGridView1.Columns.Clear();
-
-            // 添加新列以匹配 Excel 表格结构
-            dataGridView1.Columns.Add(new DataGridViewTextBoxColumn
+            dataGridView1.SuspendLayout();
+            try
             {
-                Name = "序号",
-                HeaderText = "序号",
-                DataPropertyName = "序号",
-                Width = 150,
-                ReadOnly = true,
-                DefaultCellStyle = new DataGridViewCellStyle { Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleCenter }
-            });
+                dataGridView1.Columns.Clear();
 
-            dataGridView1.Columns.Add(new DataGridViewTextBoxColumn
-            {
-                Name = "试样1",
-                HeaderText = "试样1",
-                DataPropertyName = "试样1",
-                Width = 150,
-                ReadOnly = true,
-                DefaultCellStyle = new DataGridViewCellStyle
+                // 创建共享样式
+                var centerStyle = new DataGridViewCellStyle
                 {
-                    Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleCenter,
-                    BackColor = Color.FromArgb(255, 255, 200) // 黄色背景
-                }
-            });
+                    Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleCenter
+                };
 
-            dataGridView1.Columns.Add(new DataGridViewTextBoxColumn
-            {
-                Name = "试样2",
-                HeaderText = "试样2",
-                DataPropertyName = "试样2",
-                Width = 150,
-                ReadOnly = true,
-                DefaultCellStyle = new DataGridViewCellStyle
+                var yellowCenterStyle = new DataGridViewCellStyle
                 {
                     Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleCenter,
                     BackColor = Color.FromArgb(255, 255, 200)
-                }
-            });
+                };
 
-            dataGridView1.Columns.Add(new DataGridViewTextBoxColumn
-            {
-                Name = "试样3",
-                HeaderText = "试样3",
-                DataPropertyName = "试样3",
-                Width = 150,
-                ReadOnly = true,
-                DefaultCellStyle = new DataGridViewCellStyle
+                // 添加序号列
+                dataGridView1.Columns.Add(new DataGridViewTextBoxColumn
                 {
-                    Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleCenter,
-                    BackColor = Color.FromArgb(255, 255, 200)
-                }
-            });
+                    Name = "序号",
+                    HeaderText = "序号",
+                    DataPropertyName = "序号",
+                    Width = 180,
+                    ReadOnly = true,
+                    DefaultCellStyle = centerStyle
+                });
 
-            dataGridView1.Columns.Add(new DataGridViewTextBoxColumn
-            {
-                Name = "试样4",
-                HeaderText = "试样4",
-                DataPropertyName = "试样4",
-                Width = 150,
-                ReadOnly = true,
-                DefaultCellStyle = new DataGridViewCellStyle
+                // 根据当前试样数量动态添加列
+                for (int i = 1; i <= currentSampleCount; i++)
                 {
-                    Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleCenter,
-                    BackColor = Color.FromArgb(255, 255, 200)
+                    dataGridView1.Columns.Add(new DataGridViewTextBoxColumn
+                    {
+                        Name = $"试样{i}",
+                        HeaderText = $"试样{i}",
+                        DataPropertyName = $"试样{i}",
+                        Width = 150,
+                        ReadOnly = true,
+                        DefaultCellStyle = yellowCenterStyle
+                    });
                 }
-            });
 
-            dataGridView1.Columns.Add(new DataGridViewTextBoxColumn
+                // 绑定数据源
+                dataGridView1.DataSource = sampleDataTable;
+                dataGridView1.CellFormatting += DataGridView1_CellFormatting;
+            }
+            finally
             {
-                Name = "试样5",
-                HeaderText = "试样5",
-                DataPropertyName = "试样5",
-                Width = 150,
-                ReadOnly = true,
-                DefaultCellStyle = new DataGridViewCellStyle
-                {
-                    Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleCenter,
-                    BackColor = Color.FromArgb(255, 255, 200)
-                }
-            });
-
-            dataGridView1.Columns.Add(new DataGridViewTextBoxColumn
-            {
-                Name = "时间",
-                HeaderText = "时间",
-                DataPropertyName = "时间",
-                Width = 200,
-                ReadOnly = true,
-                DefaultCellStyle = new DataGridViewCellStyle { Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleCenter }
-            });
-
-            // 绑定数据源
-            dataGridView1.DataSource = sampleDataTable;
-
-            // 添加单元格格式化事件
-            dataGridView1.CellFormatting += DataGridView1_CellFormatting;
+                dataGridView1.ResumeLayout();
+            }
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// 单元格格式化事件 - 处理平均值行的显示
+        /// 单元格格式化事件
         /// </summary>
         private void DataGridView1_CellFormatting(object sender, DataGridViewCellFormattingEventArgs e)
         {
-            if (dataGridView1.Columns[e.ColumnIndex].Name == "时间" && e.RowIndex >= 0)
-            {
-                DataGridViewRow row = dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex];
-                if (row.Cells["序号"].Value != null && row.Cells["序号"].Value.ToString() == "平均时间(s)")
-                {
-                    // 计算总平均值并显示
-                    if (row.Cells["试样1"].Value != null)
-                    {
-                        double avg1 = Convert.ToDouble(row.Cells["试样1"].Value);
-                        double avg2 = Convert.ToDouble(row.Cells["试样2"].Value);
-                        double avg3 = Convert.ToDouble(row.Cells["试样3"].Value);
-                        double avg4 = Convert.ToDouble(row.Cells["试样4"].Value);
-                        double avg5 = Convert.ToDouble(row.Cells["试样5"].Value);
-                        double overallAvg = (avg1 + avg2 + avg3 + avg4 + avg5) / 5;
+            if (e.RowIndex < 0) return;
 
-                        e.Value = overallAvg.ToString("F2");
-                        e.FormattingApplied = true;
-                    }
-                }
-                else if (e.Value != null && e.Value != DBNull.Value)
+            // 格式化数值显示为2位小数
+            if (e.Value != null && e.Value != DBNull.Value)
+            {
+                if (double.TryParse(e.Value.ToString(), out double numValue))
                 {
-                    // 正常时间格式化
-                    DateTime dt = Convert.ToDateTime(e.Value);
-                    e.Value = dt.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
+                    e.Value = numValue.ToString("F2");
                     e.FormattingApplied = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -179,25 +131,17 @@ namespace WindowsFormsApp6
         /// </summary>
         private void InitializeEventHandlers()
         {
-            // 连接设备按钮
             button1.Click += Button1_Click;
-
-            // 打印按钮
             button2.Click += Button2_Click;
-
-            // 导出按钮
             button3.Click += Button3_Click;
-
-            // 返回按钮
             button4.Click += Button4_Click;
-
-            // 生成模拟数据按钮
             button5.Click += Button5_Click;
 
-            // 更新日期时间标签
-            System.Windows.Forms.Timer clockTimer = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer();
-            clockTimer.Interval = 1000;
-            clockTimer.Tick += (s, e) => label2.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
+            clockTimer = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer
+            {
+                Interval = TIMER_INTERVAL
+            };
+            clockTimer.Tick += (s, e) => label2.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString(DATE_TIME_FORMAT);
             clockTimer.Start();
         }
 
@@ -209,16 +153,14 @@ namespace WindowsFormsApp6
             if (dataTimer.Enabled)
             {
                 StopDataCollection();
-                button1.Text = "🔗 连接设备";
-                button1.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(46, 204, 113);
-                MessageBox.Show("已停止数据采集", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
+                UpdateButtonState(button1, "🔗 连接设备", Color.FromArgb(46, 204, 113));
+                ShowMessage("已停止数据采集");
             }
             else
             {
                 StartDataCollection();
-                button1.Text = "⏸️ 停止采集";
-                button1.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(231, 76, 60);
-                MessageBox.Show("开始数据采集", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
+                UpdateButtonState(button1, "⏸️ 停止采集", Color.FromArgb(231, 76, 60));
+                ShowMessage("开始数据采集");
             }
         }
 
@@ -227,7 +169,24 @@ namespace WindowsFormsApp6
         /// </summary>
         private void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
-            MessageBox.Show("打印功能开发中...", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
+            ShowMessage("打印功能开发中...");
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 更新按钮状态
+        /// </summary>
+        private void UpdateButtonState(Button button, string text, Color backColor)
+        {
+            button.Text = text;
+            button.BackColor = backColor;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 显示提示消息
+        /// </summary>
+        private void ShowMessage(string message, string title = "提示", MessageBoxIcon icon = MessageBoxIcon.Information)
+        {
+            MessageBox.Show(message, title, MessageBoxButtons.OK, icon);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -271,12 +230,28 @@ namespace WindowsFormsApp6
         {
             sampleDataTable = new DataTable();
             sampleDataTable.Columns.Add("序号", typeof(string));
-            sampleDataTable.Columns.Add("试样1", typeof(double));
-            sampleDataTable.Columns.Add("试样2", typeof(double));
-            sampleDataTable.Columns.Add("试样3", typeof(double));
-            sampleDataTable.Columns.Add("试样4", typeof(double));
-            sampleDataTable.Columns.Add("试样5", typeof(double));
-            sampleDataTable.Columns.Add("时间", typeof(DateTime));
+            
+            // 根据当前试样数量动态添加列
+            for (int i = 1; i <= currentSampleCount; i++)
+            {
+                sampleDataTable.Columns.Add($"试样{i}", typeof(object));
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 设置试样数量并重新初始化
+        /// </summary>
+        public void SetSampleCount(int count)
+        {
+            if (count < 1 || count > 20) // 限制最大20个试样
+            {
+                ShowMessage("试样数量必须在1-20之间", "参数错误", MessageBoxIcon.Warning);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            currentSampleCount = count;
+            InitializeDataTable();
+            InitializeDataGridView();
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -284,8 +259,10 @@ namespace WindowsFormsApp6
         /// </summary>
         private void InitializeTimer()
         {
-            dataTimer = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer();
-            dataTimer.Interval = 1000; // 每秒读取一次
+            dataTimer = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer
+            {
+                Interval = TIMER_INTERVAL
+            };
             dataTimer.Tick += DataTimer_Tick;
         }
 
@@ -294,45 +271,48 @@ namespace WindowsFormsApp6
         /// </summary>
         private void DataTimer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
-            // 移除旧的平均值行（如果存在）
-            DataRow[] avgRows = sampleDataTable.Select("序号 = '平均时间(s)'");
-            foreach (DataRow avgRow in avgRows)
+            // 清除旧的计算行
+            RemoveCalculatedRows();
+
+            // 读取初始重量和浸润后重量
+            double[] initialWeights = new double[currentSampleCount];
+            double[] afterWeights = new double[currentSampleCount];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < currentSampleCount; i++)
             {
-                sampleDataTable.Rows.Remove(avgRow);
+                initialWeights[i] = ReadRegisterData(i * 2);     // 初始重量
+                afterWeights[i] = ReadRegisterData(i * 2 + 1);   // 浸润后重量
             }
 
-            // 模拟从寄存器读取数据（实际应用中替换为真实的寄存器读取代码）
-            double sample1 = ReadRegisterData(0); // 寄存器地址 0
-            double sample2 = ReadRegisterData(1); // 寄存器地址 1
-            double sample3 = ReadRegisterData(2); // 寄存器地址 2
-            double sample4 = ReadRegisterData(3); // 寄存器地址 3
-            double sample5 = ReadRegisterData(4); // 寄存器地址 4
-
-            // 添加到数据表
             sampleCount++;
-            DataRow dataRow = sampleDataTable.NewRow();
-            dataRow["序号"] = $"时间(s)";
-            dataRow["试样1"] = sample1;
-            dataRow["试样2"] = sample2;
-            dataRow["试样3"] = sample3;
-            dataRow["试样4"] = sample4;
-            dataRow["试样5"] = sample5;
-            dataRow["时间"] = DateTime.Now;
-            sampleDataTable.Rows.Add(dataRow);
             
-            // 更新界面显示
-            UpdateDisplay();
+            // 更新显示
+            UpdateDisplay(initialWeights, afterWeights);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 移除计算行
+        /// </summary>
+        private void RemoveCalculatedRows()
+        {
+            var rowsToRemove = sampleDataTable.AsEnumerable()
+                .Where(r => r.Field<string>("序号") == ROW_ABSORPTION ||
+                           r.Field<string>("序号") == ROW_AVG_ABSORPTION ||
+                           r.Field<string>("序号") == ROW_MAX_ABSORPTION)
+                .ToList();
+
+            foreach (var row in rowsToRemove)
+            {
+                sampleDataTable.Rows.Remove(row);
+            }
         }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// 模拟从寄存器读取数据
-        /// 实际应用中替换为真实的 Modbus 或其他协议读取
         /// </summary>
         private double ReadRegisterData(int registerAddress)
         {
-            // 模拟数据：30-34 之间的随机值
-            Random random = new Random(Guid.NewGuid().GetHashCode());
-            return 30 + random.NextDouble() * 4;
+            return MIN_WEIGHT + random.NextDouble() * (MAX_WEIGHT - MIN_WEIGHT);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -340,86 +320,125 @@ namespace WindowsFormsApp6
         /// </summary>
         public void GenerateMockData()
         {
-            // 清空现有数据
             sampleDataTable.Clear();
             sampleCount = 0;
 
-            // 生成10条模拟数据
-            Random random = new Random();
-            DateTime startTime = DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(-10);
+            // 生成模拟数据
+            double[] initialWeights = new double[currentSampleCount];
+            double[] afterWeights = new double[currentSampleCount];
 
-            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
+            for (int i = 0; i < currentSampleCount; i++)
             {
-                DataRow dataRow = sampleDataTable.NewRow();
-                dataRow["序号"] = "时间(s)";
-
-                // 为每个试样生成模拟数据（30-34之间的随机值，带小数点）
-                dataRow["试样1"] = Math.Round(30 + random.NextDouble() * 4, 2);
-                dataRow["试样2"] = Math.Round(30 + random.NextDouble() * 4, 2);
-                dataRow["试样3"] = Math.Round(30 + random.NextDouble() * 4, 2);
-                dataRow["试样4"] = Math.Round(30 + random.NextDouble() * 4, 2);
-                dataRow["试样5"] = Math.Round(30 + random.NextDouble() * 4, 2);
-
-                // 时间递增
-                dataRow["时间"] = startTime.AddMinutes(i);
-
-                sampleDataTable.Rows.Add(dataRow);
-                sampleCount++;
+                initialWeights[i] = Math.Round(MIN_WEIGHT + random.NextDouble() * (MAX_WEIGHT - MIN_WEIGHT), 2);
+                afterWeights[i] = Math.Round(initialWeights[i] * (1.2 + random.NextDouble() * 0.3), 2); // 浸润后增重20%-50%
             }
 
-            // 更新显示（包括平均值）
-            UpdateDisplay();
+            sampleCount = 1;
+            UpdateDisplay(initialWeights, afterWeights);
 
-            MessageBox.Show($"已生成 {sampleCount} 条模拟数据", "模拟数据生成", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
+            ShowMessage($"已生成 {currentSampleCount} 个试样的模拟数据", "模拟数据生成");
         }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// 更新界面显示
         /// </summary>
-        private void UpdateDisplay()
+        private void UpdateDisplay(double[] initialWeights, double[] afterWeights)
         {
-            // 刷新 DataGridView
-            if (dataGridView1.DataSource != null)
+            sampleDataTable.Clear();
+
+            int count = Math.Min(initialWeights.Length, currentSampleCount);
+
+            // 1. 初始重量行
+            DataRow initialRow = sampleDataTable.NewRow();
+            initialRow["序号"] = ROW_INITIAL_WEIGHT;
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
             {
-                ((DataTable)dataGridView1.DataSource).AcceptChanges();
-                dataGridView1.Refresh();
+                initialRow[$"试样{i + 1}"] = initialWeights[i];
+            }
+            sampleDataTable.Rows.Add(initialRow);
+
+            // 2. 浸润后重量行
+            DataRow afterRow = sampleDataTable.NewRow();
+            afterRow["序号"] = ROW_AFTER_WEIGHT;
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                afterRow[$"试样{i + 1}"] = afterWeights[i];
+            }
+            sampleDataTable.Rows.Add(afterRow);
+
+            // 3. 液体吸收量行 (%)
+            DataRow absorptionRow = sampleDataTable.NewRow();
+            absorptionRow["序号"] = ROW_ABSORPTION;
+            double[] absorptions = new double[count];
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                absorptions[i] = ((afterWeights[i] - initialWeights[i]) / initialWeights[i]) * 100;
+                absorptionRow[$"试样{i + 1}"] = absorptions[i];
+            }
+            sampleDataTable.Rows.Add(absorptionRow);
+
+            // 4. 液体吸收量平均值行
+            DataRow avgRow = sampleDataTable.NewRow();
+            avgRow["序号"] = ROW_AVG_ABSORPTION;
+            double avgAbsorption = absorptions.Average();
+            double stdDev = CalculateStandardDeviation(absorptions);
+            
+            // 第1列显示平均值
+            avgRow["试样1"] = avgAbsorption;
+            
+            // 第2列显示标准偏差
+            if (count >= 2)
+            {
+                avgRow["试样2"] = stdDev;
             }
             
-            // 计算平均时间并显示
-            if (sampleDataTable.Rows.Count > 0)
+            // 其他列为空
+            for (int i = 3; i <= count; i++)
             {
-                double avgSample1 = sampleDataTable.AsEnumerable().Average(r => r.Field<double>("试样1"));
-                double avgSample2 = sampleDataTable.AsEnumerable().Average(r => r.Field<double>("试样2"));
-                double avgSample3 = sampleDataTable.AsEnumerable().Average(r => r.Field<double>("试样3"));
-                double avgSample4 = sampleDataTable.AsEnumerable().Average(r => r.Field<double>("试样4"));
-                double avgSample5 = sampleDataTable.AsEnumerable().Average(r => r.Field<double>("试样5"));
+                avgRow[$"试样{i}"] = DBNull.Value;
+            }
+            sampleDataTable.Rows.Add(avgRow);
 
-                double overallAvg = (avgSample1 + avgSample2 + avgSample3 + avgSample4 + avgSample5) / 5;
+            // 5. 液体吸收量最大值行
+            DataRow maxRow = sampleDataTable.NewRow();
+            maxRow["序号"] = ROW_MAX_ABSORPTION;
+            double maxAbsorption = absorptions.Max();
             
-                // 添加平均值行到表格底部（如果还没有）
-                DataRow[] avgRows = sampleDataTable.Select("序号 = '平均时间(s)'");
-                if (avgRows.Length == 0)
-                {
-                    DataRow avgRow = sampleDataTable.NewRow();
-                    avgRow["序号"] = "平均时间(s)";
-                    avgRow["试样1"] = avgSample1;
-                    avgRow["试样2"] = avgSample2;
-                    avgRow["试样3"] = avgSample3;
-                    avgRow["试样4"] = avgSample4;
-                    avgRow["试样5"] = avgSample5;
-                    // avgRow["时间"] = $"({overallAvg:F2}) 系统计算";
-                    sampleDataTable.Rows.Add(avgRow);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    // 更新现有平均值行
-                    avgRows[0]["试样1"] = avgSample1;
-                    avgRows[0]["试样2"] = avgSample2;
-                    avgRows[0]["试样3"] = avgSample3;
-                    avgRows[0]["试样4"] = avgSample4;
-                    avgRows[0]["试样5"] = avgSample5;
-                    // avgRows[0]["时间"] = $"({overallAvg:F2}) 系统计算";
-                }
+            // 第1列显示最大值
+            maxRow["试样1"] = maxAbsorption;
+            
+            // 其他列为空
+            for (int i = 2; i <= count; i++)
+            {
+                maxRow[$"试样{i}"] = DBNull.Value;
+            }
+            sampleDataTable.Rows.Add(maxRow);
+
+            // 刷新界面
+            RefreshDataGridView();
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 计算标准偏差
+        /// </summary>
+        private double CalculateStandardDeviation(double[] values)
+        {
+            if (values.Length == 0) return 0;
+            
+            double avg = values.Average();
+            double sumOfSquares = values.Sum(val => Math.Pow(val - avg, 2));
+            return Math.Sqrt(sumOfSquares / values.Length);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 刷新DataGridView
+        /// </summary>
+        private void RefreshDataGridView()
+        {
+            if (dataGridView1.DataSource is DataTable dt)
+            {
+                dt.AcceptChanges();
+                dataGridView1.Refresh();
             }
         }
 
@@ -439,131 +458,6 @@ namespace WindowsFormsApp6
             dataTimer.Stop();
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// 导出数据到 Excel (.xlsx)
-        /// </summary>
-        public void ExportToExcel(string filePath)
-        {
-            try
-            {
-                IWorkbook workbook;
-
-                // 根据文件扩展名选择格式
-                if (filePath.EndsWith(".xlsx"))
-                {
-                    workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(); // Excel 2007+
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); // Excel 97-2003
-                }
-
-                ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet("液体吸收测试报表");
-
-                // 创建标题行
-                IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);
-                headerRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue("序号");
-                headerRow.CreateCell(1).SetCellValue("试样1");
-                headerRow.CreateCell(2).SetCellValue("试样2");
-                headerRow.CreateCell(3).SetCellValue("试样3");
-                headerRow.CreateCell(4).SetCellValue("试样4");
-                headerRow.CreateCell(5).SetCellValue("试样5");
-                headerRow.CreateCell(6).SetCellValue("时间");
-
-                // 设置标题行样式
-                ICellStyle headerStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
-                headerStyle.FillForegroundColor = NPOI.HSSF.Util.HSSFColor.Yellow.Index;
-                headerStyle.FillPattern = FillPattern.SolidForeground;
-                IFont headerFont = workbook.CreateFont();
-                headerFont.IsBold = true;
-                headerStyle.SetFont(headerFont);
-
-                for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++)
-                {
-                    headerRow.GetCell(i).CellStyle = headerStyle;
-                }
-
-                // 填充数据
-                int rowIndex = 1;
-                foreach (DataRow dataRow in sampleDataTable.Rows)
-                {
-                    // 跳过平均值行
-                    if (dataRow["序号"].ToString() == "平均时间(s)")
-                        continue;
-
-                    IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
-                    row.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(dataRow["序号"].ToString());
-                    row.CreateCell(1).SetCellValue(Convert.ToDouble(dataRow["试样1"]));
-                    row.CreateCell(2).SetCellValue(Convert.ToDouble(dataRow["试样2"]));
-                    row.CreateCell(3).SetCellValue(Convert.ToDouble(dataRow["试样3"]));
-                    row.CreateCell(4).SetCellValue(Convert.ToDouble(dataRow["试样4"]));
-                    row.CreateCell(5).SetCellValue(Convert.ToDouble(dataRow["试样5"]));
-
-                    // 处理时间列
-                    if (dataRow["时间"] != DBNull.Value)
-                    {
-                        row.CreateCell(6).SetCellValue(Convert.ToDateTime(dataRow["时间"]).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
-                    }
-
-                    rowIndex++;
-                }
-
-                // 添加平均值行
-                IRow avgRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
-                avgRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue("平均时间(s)");
-
-                // 计算平均值（排除平均值行）
-                var dataRows = sampleDataTable.AsEnumerable().Where(r => r.Field<string>("序号") != "平均时间(s)");
-                double avgSample1 = dataRows.Average(r => r.Field<double>("试样1"));
-                double avgSample2 = dataRows.Average(r => r.Field<double>("试样2"));
-                double avgSample3 = dataRows.Average(r => r.Field<double>("试样3"));
-                double avgSample4 = dataRows.Average(r => r.Field<double>("试样4"));
-                double avgSample5 = dataRows.Average(r => r.Field<double>("试样5"));
-                double overallAvg = (avgSample1 + avgSample2 + avgSample3 + avgSample4 + avgSample5) / 5;
-
-                avgRow.CreateCell(1).SetCellValue(avgSample1);
-                avgRow.CreateCell(2).SetCellValue(avgSample2);
-                avgRow.CreateCell(3).SetCellValue(avgSample3);
-                avgRow.CreateCell(4).SetCellValue(avgSample4);
-                avgRow.CreateCell(5).SetCellValue(avgSample5);
-
-                // 显示总平均值
-                ICell avgCell = avgRow.CreateCell(6);
-                avgCell.SetCellValue(overallAvg.ToString("F2"));
-
-                // 设置平均值行样式
-                ICellStyle avgStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
-                avgStyle.FillForegroundColor = NPOI.HSSF.Util.HSSFColor.Yellow.Index;
-                avgStyle.FillPattern = FillPattern.SolidForeground;
-
-                for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++)
-                {
-                    if (avgRow.GetCell(i) != null)
-                    {
-                        avgRow.GetCell(i).CellStyle = avgStyle;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                // 自动调整列宽
-                for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++)
-                {
-                    sheet.AutoSizeColumn(i);
-                }
-
-                // 保存文件
-                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
-                {
-                    workbook.Write(fs);
-                }
-
-                MessageBox.Show($"数据已成功导出到：{filePath}", "导出成功", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
-            }
-            catch (Exception ex)
-            {
-                MessageBox.Show($"导出失败：{ex.Message}", "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
-            }
-        }
-
         /// <summary>
         /// 生成报表（带格式的 Excel）
         /// </summary>
@@ -575,109 +469,173 @@ namespace WindowsFormsApp6
                 ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet("液体吸收测试报表");
 
                 // 创建样式
-                ICellStyle titleStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
-                IFont titleFont = workbook.CreateFont();
-                titleFont.FontHeightInPoints = 16;
-                titleFont.IsBold = true;
-                titleStyle.SetFont(titleFont);
-                titleStyle.Alignment = NPOIHorizontalAlignment.Center;
+                var styles = CreateReportStyles(workbook);
 
-                ICellStyle headerStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
-                headerStyle.FillForegroundColor = NPOI.HSSF.Util.HSSFColor.Yellow.Index;
-                headerStyle.FillPattern = FillPattern.SolidForeground;
-                headerStyle.BorderBottom = NPOIBorderStyle.Thin;
-                headerStyle.BorderTop = NPOIBorderStyle.Thin;
-                headerStyle.BorderLeft = NPOIBorderStyle.Thin;
-                headerStyle.BorderRight = NPOIBorderStyle.Thin;
-                IFont headerFont = workbook.CreateFont();
-                headerFont.IsBold = true;
-                headerStyle.SetFont(headerFont);
-                headerStyle.Alignment = NPOIHorizontalAlignment.Center;
+                // 创建标题
+                CreateReportTitle(sheet, styles.titleStyle);
 
-                ICellStyle dataStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
-                dataStyle.BorderBottom = NPOIBorderStyle.Thin;
-                dataStyle.BorderTop = NPOIBorderStyle.Thin;
-                dataStyle.BorderLeft = NPOIBorderStyle.Thin;
-                dataStyle.BorderRight = NPOIBorderStyle.Thin;
-                dataStyle.Alignment = NPOIHorizontalAlignment.Center;
+                // 创建表头
+                CreateReportHeader(sheet, styles.headerStyle);
 
-                // 标题
-                IRow titleRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);
-                ICell titleCell = titleRow.CreateCell(0);
-                titleCell.SetCellValue("液体吸收测试报表");
-                titleCell.CellStyle = titleStyle;
-                sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, 6));
-
-                // 表头
-                IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(2);
-                string[] headers = { "序号", "试样1", "试样2", "试样3", "试样4", "试样5", "根据标准" };
-                for (int i = 0; i < headers.Length; i++)
-                {
-                    ICell cell = headerRow.CreateCell(i);
-                    cell.SetCellValue(headers[i]);
-                    cell.CellStyle = headerStyle;
-                }
-
-                // 数据行
-                int rowIndex = 3;
-                IRow timeRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex++);
-                timeRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue("时间(s)");
-                timeRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = dataStyle;
-
-                for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++)
-                {
-                    double value = 29 + i; // 示例数据：30, 31, 32, 33, 34
-                    ICell cell = timeRow.CreateCell(i);
-                    cell.SetCellValue(value);
-                    cell.CellStyle = dataStyle;
-
-                    // 黄色背景
-                    ICellStyle yellowStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
-                    yellowStyle.CloneStyleFrom(dataStyle);
-                    yellowStyle.FillForegroundColor = NPOI.HSSF.Util.HSSFColor.Yellow.Index;
-                    yellowStyle.FillPattern = FillPattern.SolidForeground;
-                    cell.CellStyle = yellowStyle;
-                }
-
-                ICell standardCell = timeRow.CreateCell(6);
-                standardCell.CellStyle = dataStyle;
-
-                // 平均时间行
-                IRow avgRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
-                avgRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue("平均时间(s)");
-                avgRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = dataStyle;
-
-                ICell avgCell = avgRow.CreateCell(1);
-                avgCell.SetCellValue("32");
-                avgCell.CellStyle = dataStyle;
-
-                // 黄色背景
-                ICellStyle avgYellowStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
-                avgYellowStyle.CloneStyleFrom(dataStyle);
-                avgYellowStyle.FillForegroundColor = NPOI.HSSF.Util.HSSFColor.Yellow.Index;
-                avgYellowStyle.FillPattern = FillPattern.SolidForeground;
-                avgCell.CellStyle = avgYellowStyle;
-
-                sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(rowIndex, rowIndex, 1, 5));
+                // 填充数据
+                FillReportData(sheet, styles.dataStyle, styles.yellowStyle);
 
                 // 设置列宽
-                sheet.SetColumnWidth(0, 20 * 256);
-                for (int i = 1; i <= 6; i++)
-                {
-                    sheet.SetColumnWidth(i, 15 * 256);
-                }
+                SetReportColumnWidths(sheet);
 
                 // 保存文件
-                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
-                {
-                    workbook.Write(fs);
-                }
+                SaveWorkbook(workbook, filePath);
 
-                MessageBox.Show($"报表已成功生成：{filePath}", "生成成功", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
+                ShowMessage($"报表已成功生成：{filePath}", "生成成功");
             }
             catch (Exception ex)
             {
-                MessageBox.Show($"生成报表失败：{ex.Message}", "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
+                ShowMessage($"生成报表失败：{ex.Message}", "错误", MessageBoxIcon.Error);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 创建报表样式
+        /// </summary>
+        private (ICellStyle titleStyle, ICellStyle headerStyle, ICellStyle dataStyle, ICellStyle yellowStyle)
+            CreateReportStyles(IWorkbook workbook)
+        {
+            // 标题样式
+            ICellStyle titleStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
+            IFont titleFont = workbook.CreateFont();
+            titleFont.FontHeightInPoints = 16;
+            titleFont.IsBold = true;
+            titleStyle.SetFont(titleFont);
+            titleStyle.Alignment = NPOIHorizontalAlignment.Center;
+
+            // 表头样式
+            ICellStyle headerStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
+            headerStyle.FillForegroundColor = NPOI.HSSF.Util.HSSFColor.Yellow.Index;
+            headerStyle.FillPattern = FillPattern.SolidForeground;
+            SetBorders(headerStyle);
+            IFont headerFont = workbook.CreateFont();
+            headerFont.IsBold = true;
+            headerStyle.SetFont(headerFont);
+            headerStyle.Alignment = NPOIHorizontalAlignment.Center;
+
+            // 数据样式
+            ICellStyle dataStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
+            SetBorders(dataStyle);
+            dataStyle.Alignment = NPOIHorizontalAlignment.Center;
+
+            // 黄色背景样式
+            ICellStyle yellowStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
+            yellowStyle.CloneStyleFrom(dataStyle);
+            yellowStyle.FillForegroundColor = NPOI.HSSF.Util.HSSFColor.Yellow.Index;
+            yellowStyle.FillPattern = FillPattern.SolidForeground;
+
+            return (titleStyle, headerStyle, dataStyle, yellowStyle);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 设置单元格边框
+        /// </summary>
+        private void SetBorders(ICellStyle style)
+        {
+            style.BorderBottom = NPOIBorderStyle.Thin;
+            style.BorderTop = NPOIBorderStyle.Thin;
+            style.BorderLeft = NPOIBorderStyle.Thin;
+            style.BorderRight = NPOIBorderStyle.Thin;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 创建报表标题
+        /// </summary>
+        private void CreateReportTitle(ISheet sheet, ICellStyle titleStyle)
+        {
+            IRow titleRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);
+            ICell titleCell = titleRow.CreateCell(0);
+            titleCell.SetCellValue("液体吸收测试报表");
+            titleCell.CellStyle = titleStyle;
+            sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, currentSampleCount));
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 创建报表表头
+        /// </summary>
+        private void CreateReportHeader(ISheet sheet, ICellStyle headerStyle)
+        {
+            IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(2);
+            
+            // 序号列
+            ICell cell0 = headerRow.CreateCell(0);
+            cell0.SetCellValue("序号");
+            cell0.CellStyle = headerStyle;
+
+            // 动态创建试样列
+            for (int i = 1; i <= currentSampleCount; i++)
+            {
+                ICell cell = headerRow.CreateCell(i);
+                cell.SetCellValue($"试样{i}");
+                cell.CellStyle = headerStyle;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 填充报表数据
+        /// </summary>
+        private void FillReportData(ISheet sheet, ICellStyle dataStyle, ICellStyle yellowStyle)
+        {
+            int rowIndex = 3;
+
+            foreach (DataRow dataRow in sampleDataTable.Rows)
+            {
+                IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex++);
+                string rowName = dataRow["序号"].ToString();
+
+                // 序号列
+                ICell nameCell = row.CreateCell(0);
+                nameCell.SetCellValue(rowName);
+                nameCell.CellStyle = dataStyle;
+
+                // 数据列
+                for (int i = 1; i <= currentSampleCount; i++)
+                {
+                    ICell cell = row.CreateCell(i);
+                    var value = dataRow[$"试样{i}"];
+
+                    if (value != null && value != DBNull.Value)
+                    {
+                        if (double.TryParse(value.ToString(), out double numValue))
+                        {
+                            cell.SetCellValue(numValue);
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            cell.SetCellValue(value.ToString());
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    cell.CellStyle = yellowStyle;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 设置报表列宽
+        /// </summary>
+        private void SetReportColumnWidths(ISheet sheet)
+        {
+            sheet.SetColumnWidth(0, 25 * 256);
+            for (int i = 1; i <= currentSampleCount; i++)
+            {
+                sheet.SetColumnWidth(i, 18 * 256);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 保存工作簿
+        /// </summary>
+        private void SaveWorkbook(IWorkbook workbook, string filePath)
+        {
+            using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
+            {
+                workbook.Write(fs);
             }
         }
 
@@ -688,7 +646,7 @@ namespace WindowsFormsApp6
         {
             sampleDataTable.Clear();
             sampleCount = 0;
-            UpdateDisplay();
+            RefreshDataGridView();
         }
     }
 }

WindowsFormsApp6/Form3.Designer.cs

@@ -13,9 +13,34 @@
         /// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
         protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
         {
-            if (disposing && (components != null))
+            if (disposing)
             {
-                components.Dispose();
+                if (components != null)
+                {
+                    components.Dispose();
+                }
+                
+                // 释放定时器资源
+                if (clockTimer != null)
+                {
+                    clockTimer.Stop();
+                    clockTimer.Dispose();
+                    clockTimer = null;
+                }
+                
+                if (dataTimer != null)
+                {
+                    dataTimer.Stop();
+                    dataTimer.Dispose();
+                    dataTimer = null;
+                }
+                
+                // 释放数据表资源
+                if (sampleDataTable != null)
+                {
+                    sampleDataTable.Dispose();
+                    sampleDataTable = null;
+                }
             }
             base.Dispose(disposing);
         }